In what year were the Naval Reserves established?

The correct answer is 1915. This year is significant because it marks the establishment of the Naval Reserve, which was created to bolster the United States Navy's manpower during times of need, particularly in preparation for potential global conflict. The formation of the Naval Reserve aimed to allow civilians to serve their country while maintaining their civilian careers, thus providing a pool of trained personnel who could be called upon in emergencies. This system of reservists has since evolved and played a critical role in the expansion and readiness of the Navy throughout various conflicts, including both World Wars and beyond.